Question 1
Statements:
Only amphibians are wild.
All wild are diurnal.
Conclusions:
I. All amphibians are diurnal.
II. Some diurnal are amphibians.
Understanding 'Only' Statement:
"Only amphibians are wild" means "All wild are amphibians" (reversal!)
Conversion:
Original: Only amphibians are wild
Converted: All wild are amphibians
Venn Diagram:
Step 1: "All wild are amphibians" → wild inside amphibians
Step 2: "All wild are diurnal" → wild inside diurnal
Step 3: wild inside both amphibians and diurnal
Checking Conclusions:
✗ Conclusion I: "All amphibians are diurnal"
We only know wild is inside both - amphibians could be larger - DOES NOT FOLLOW
✓ Conclusion II: "Some diurnal are amphibians"
All wild are amphibians and all wild are diurnal
The wild portion is common to both - FOLLOWS
Answer: Only conclusion II follows
"Only amphibians are wild" means "All wild are amphibians" (reversal!)
Conversion:
Original: Only amphibians are wild
Converted: All wild are amphibians
Venn Diagram:
Step 1: "All wild are amphibians" → wild inside amphibians
Step 2: "All wild are diurnal" → wild inside diurnal
Step 3: wild inside both amphibians and diurnal
Checking Conclusions:
✗ Conclusion I: "All amphibians are diurnal"
We only know wild is inside both - amphibians could be larger - DOES NOT FOLLOW
✓ Conclusion II: "Some diurnal are amphibians"
All wild are amphibians and all wild are diurnal
The wild portion is common to both - FOLLOWS
Answer: Only conclusion II follows