Statement-Conclusion - Beginner-Intermediate Level: certain conclusions
BEGINNER-INTERMEDIATE
This deep dive ★ worksheet contains 20 beginner-intermediate-level statement-conclusion problems. Worksheet 11 of 30 focuses on certain conclusions. Practice inference making, logical consequences, necessary conclusions with our step-by-step solutions. Difficulty: building on fundamentals with moderate challenges. Recommended for developing learners.
Statement: Most people who exercise regularly live longer. Most people who eat healthy food live longer. Tom exercises regularly and eats healthy food.
What is the most reasonable conclusion?
Given the probabilistic nature of the statement, 'Tom will likely live longer than average' is the most reasonable conclusion without overstating certainty.
Question 2
Statement: Companies that invest in R&D usually outperform their competitors. XYZ Corp has doubled its R&D budget this year.
What is the most reasonable conclusion?
Given the probabilistic nature of the statement, 'XYZ Corp will likely outperform competitors' is the most reasonable conclusion without overstating certainty.
Question 3
Statement: If the interest rates rise, then housing prices will fall. If housing prices fall, then construction activity will decrease. Interest rates are expected to rise next month.
What can be concluded?
Following the chain of conditional logic (if-then statements), 'Construction activity will decrease next month' is the logical conclusion.
Question 4
Given: Of 200 job applicants: 120 have experience, 80 have certifications, 50 have both experience and certifications. 30 have neither.
What conclusion can be drawn?
Using set theory and logical deduction from the given numbers, '170 applicants have at least one qualification' is the accurate conclusion.
Question 5
Statement: Most people who exercise regularly live longer. Most people who eat healthy food live longer. Tom exercises regularly and eats healthy food.
What is the most reasonable conclusion?
Given the probabilistic nature of the statement, 'Tom will likely live longer than average' is the most reasonable conclusion without overstating certainty.
Question 6
Statement: 90% of students who attend all classes pass the exam. Sarah attended all classes.
What is the most reasonable conclusion?
Given the probabilistic nature of the statement, 'Sarah will likely pass the exam' is the most reasonable conclusion without overstating certainty.
Question 7
Given: Of 200 job applicants: 120 have experience, 80 have certifications, 50 have both experience and certifications. 30 have neither.
What conclusion can be drawn?
Using set theory and logical deduction from the given numbers, '170 applicants have at least one qualification' is the accurate conclusion.
Question 8
Statements: All cats are independent. Some cats are very social and need constant companionship. Fluffy is a cat who loves being around people all the time.
What can be concluded?
The statements present contradictory information, making 'The statements contain contradictory information' the most logical conclusion.
Question 9
Statement: If the new policy is implemented, efficiency will improve. If efficiency improves, costs will decrease. If costs decrease, profits will increase. The company has decided to implement the new policy.
What can be concluded?
Following the chain of conditional logic (if-then statements), 'Company profits will increase' is the logical conclusion.
Question 10
Premises: All students who passed the exam studied at least 10 hours. John studied 15 hours. Mary studied 5 hours. Sarah studied 10 hours exactly.
Statement: Mary definitely failed
Based only on the premises, is this statement:
Must be true — Premise says ALL who passed studied ≥10 hours. Mary studied 5 hours, so she cannot have passed
Question 11
Given: A school has 500 students. 60% are in sports, 40% are in music, 20% are in both activities. How many students are in neither activity?
What conclusion can be drawn?
Using set theory and logical deduction from the given numbers, '100 students are in neither activity' is the accurate conclusion.
Question 12
Statement: 90% of students who attend all classes pass the exam. Sarah attended all classes.
What is the most reasonable conclusion?
Given the probabilistic nature of the statement, 'Sarah will likely pass the exam' is the most reasonable conclusion without overstating certainty.
Question 13
Statements: All cats are independent. Some cats are very social and need constant companionship. Fluffy is a cat who loves being around people all the time.
What can be concluded?
The statements present contradictory information, making 'The statements contain contradictory information' the most logical conclusion.
Question 14
Given: Of 200 job applicants: 120 have experience, 80 have certifications, 50 have both experience and certifications. 30 have neither.
What conclusion can be drawn?
Using set theory and logical deduction from the given numbers, '170 applicants have at least one qualification' is the accurate conclusion.
Question 15
Premises: In a study of 10,000 people, 95% who exercised daily reported better sleep. 80% who exercised 3-4 times weekly reported better sleep. 30% who exercised rarely reported better sleep. Sarah exercises 5 times per week.
1. Sarah definitely has better sleep than someone who never exercises
2. Sarah is more likely to have better sleep than the average person
3. Exercise improves sleep quality for most people
Which conclusion is the WEAKEST (most/least strongly supported by the premises)?
The weakest conclusion is: 'Sarah definitely has better sleep than someone who never exercises' because Correlation doesn't guarantee individual outcomes; individual variation exists.
Question 16
Premises: All books in this library are catalogued. Some catalogued items are digital. All digital items are searchable.
Which conclusion can be drawn with certainty?
Following the logical chain from the premises, 'Some books are searchable' is the only conclusion that can be drawn with certainty.
Question 17
Statement: Some doctors are researchers. All researchers publish papers.
Which conclusion logically follows?
Based on the given statements, 'Some doctors publish papers' is the only conclusion that logically follows without making additional assumptions.
Question 18
Statement: Some doctors are researchers. All researchers publish papers.
Which conclusion logically follows?
Based on the given statements, 'Some doctors publish papers' is the only conclusion that logically follows without making additional assumptions.
Question 19
Statement: No metal is transparent. Glass is transparent.
Which conclusion logically follows?
Based on the given statements, 'Glass is not metal' is the only conclusion that logically follows without making additional assumptions.
Question 20
Given: In a survey of 1000 people: 600 own cars, 400 own motorcycles, 200 own both cars and motorcycles. 100 people own neither.
What conclusion can be drawn?
Using set theory and logical deduction from the given numbers, '800 people own at least one vehicle' is the accurate conclusion.
🎯 Stay focused! Worksheet 11 targets certain conclusions.