Question 1
Statements:
Some vertebrates are mammals.
Some mammals are wild.
Conclusions:
I. Some vertebrates are wild.
II. No vertebrates is a wild.
Venn Diagram Method:
Step 1: "Some vertebrates are mammals" → vertebrates and mammals overlap partially
Step 2: "Some mammals are wild" → mammals and wild overlap partially
Step 3: Multiple possibilities exist:
- vertebrates and wild may overlap (some A are C)
- vertebrates and wild may be separate (no A is C)
- vertebrates and wild may partially overlap
Analytical Method:
I + I combination gives NO definite conclusion.
The overlapping portions may or may not be the same part of mammals.
Verification:
✗ Conclusion I: "Some vertebrates are wild" - NOT DEFINITE (possible but not certain)
✗ Conclusion II: "No vertebrates is a wild" - NOT DEFINITE (possible but not certain)
Answer: Neither conclusion I nor II follows
Step 1: "Some vertebrates are mammals" → vertebrates and mammals overlap partially
Step 2: "Some mammals are wild" → mammals and wild overlap partially
Step 3: Multiple possibilities exist:
- vertebrates and wild may overlap (some A are C)
- vertebrates and wild may be separate (no A is C)
- vertebrates and wild may partially overlap
Analytical Method:
I + I combination gives NO definite conclusion.
The overlapping portions may or may not be the same part of mammals.
Verification:
✗ Conclusion I: "Some vertebrates are wild" - NOT DEFINITE (possible but not certain)
✗ Conclusion II: "No vertebrates is a wild" - NOT DEFINITE (possible but not certain)
Answer: Neither conclusion I nor II follows