Mediate vs Immediate Inference

Mediate vs Immediate Inference problems test your ability to distinguish between conclusions that come directly from a single statement (immediate inference) and those that require combining multiple statements (mediate inference). Immediate inferences include conversion, obversion, and contraposition.

10Worksheets
200+Practice Questions
HardDifficulty
3-4 hoursHours to Master

Introduction to Mediate vs Immediate Inference

Mediate vs Immediate Inference problems test your ability to distinguish between conclusions that come directly from a single statement (immediate inference) and those that require combining multiple statements (mediate inference). Immediate inferences include conversion, obversion, and contraposition.

Prerequisites

Conversion rules (A, E, I, O) Obversion and contraposition Syllogism chaining Distinction between immediate and mediate
Why This Matters: These problems appear in advanced reasoning sections. You can expect 1-2 questions in Banking PO mains and CAT exams.

How to Solve Mediate vs Immediate Inference Problems

1

Step 1: Read each conclusion and identify which statements it relates to

2

Step 2: If the conclusion can be derived from a single statement using conversion/obversion, it's immediate

3

Step 3: If the conclusion requires combining two or more statements, it's mediate

4

Step 4: Apply conversion rules: E ↔ E, I ↔ I, A → I (not A), O does not convert

5

Step 5: Apply obversion: change quality and replace predicate with complement

6

Step 6: Apply contraposition: A → A, E → E, I/O do not have contrapositive

7

Step 7: Classify each conclusion as immediate or mediate

Pro Strategy: Memorize the conversion, obversion, and contraposition rules. For each conclusion, first check if it's an immediate inference from any single statement. If not, check if it can be derived by combining statements.

Example Problem

Example: Statements: No A is B. All C are B. Conclusions: I. No B is A. II. No C is A. III. Some B are not A. Solution: Step 1: Conclusion I: 'No B is A' - Conversion of 'No A is B' → IMMEDIATE Step 2: Conclusion II: 'No C is A' - Requires combining 'No A is B' and 'All C are B' → MEDIATE Step 3: Conclusion III: 'Some B are not A' - From 'No A is B', we know all B are not A, so some B are not A → IMMEDIATE Step 4: All three conclusions follow (I and III immediate, II mediate) Answer: All conclusions I, II and III follow

Pro Tips & Tricks

  • Immediate inferences: Conversion, Obversion, Contraposition
  • Conversion: A → I, E → E, I → I, O → No conversion
  • Obversion: Change quality, replace predicate with complement
  • Contraposition: A → A (All A are B → All non-B are non-A), E → E (No A is B → No non-B is non-A)
  • Mediate inferences require at least two statements
  • Syllogism rules (A+A=A, A+E=E, etc.) produce mediate inferences

Shortcut Methods to Solve Faster

E statement converts to E immediately
I statement converts to I immediately
A statement converts to I (not A)
O statement has no conversion
A statement has contrapositive A
E statement has contrapositive E

Common Mistakes to Avoid

Treating mediate inferences as immediate
Forgetting that A converts to I, not A
Applying contraposition incorrectly
Not knowing obversion rules

Exam Importance

Mediate vs Immediate Inference is an important topic for various competitive exams. Here's how frequently it appears:

SSC CGL
1-2 questions
BANKING PO
1-2 questions
RAILWAYS RRB
1-2 questions
CAT
2-3 questions
INSURANCE
1-2 questions

Ready to Master Mediate vs Immediate Inference?

Start with Worksheet 1 and work your way up to expert level! Each worksheet includes:

20 practice questions
Detailed solutions
Step-by-step explanations
Start Practicing Now