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Linear Single Row South Facing Advanced Worksheet: Focus on exam-oriented approach Linear Single Row South Facing ADVANCED

Level up your Linear Single Row South Facing skills! You're at Worksheet 8 of 10 (77% through this series). This exam hall simulation worksheet features 20 advanced-level problems with a focus on exam-oriented approach. Topics covered: linear single row south facing bank exam questions, linear single row south facing ssc cgl, linear single row south facing reasoning tricks.

📝 Worksheet 8 of 10 • 20 questions • ⏱️ Estimated time: 20 minutes • 🎯 Advanced level

What you'll learn in this worksheet:
Your progress through Linear Single Row South Facing
Worksheet 8 of 10 (77% complete)

Question 1

Five friends Q, S, T, P and R are sitting in a row facing South. Q sits at the right extreme end. S sits second to the right of T. R sits immediately to the right of T (from viewer's perspective). P is not adjacent to Q. Who sits at the left extreme end?
Solution Approach:

Step 1: Understanding facing South
When persons face South:
- Their right hand points West (viewer's LEFT) — "right" in the question = lower position number
- Viewer's "right" (higher position) = person's left side

Step 2: Set up diagram (viewer's perspective)
Position: 1(left) 2 3 4 5(right)

Step 3: Apply conditions
- Q at the right extreme end → Position 5
- S sits second to the right of T:
South-facing right = viewer's left = lower position: pos[S] = pos[T] - 2
Possible: T=3→S=1, or T=4→S=2
- R sits immediately to the right of T (viewer's right = higher pos): pos[R] = pos[T] + 1
If T=3 → R=4 ✓ (pos 4 free)
If T=4 → R=5 = Q ✗ (conflict)
∴ T=3, S=1, R=4

Position: S _ T R Q

Step 4: Apply constraint
- P not adjacent to Q (pos 5): P ≠ pos 4 (taken by R) → P at pos 2 ✓

Final Arrangement (all facing South ↓):
Position: S P T R Q

Verification:
✓ Q at right extreme end (pos 5)
✓ S second to right of T: pos[S](=1)-2 = 3 = pos[T] (south-facing right=lower)
✓ R immediately right of T (viewer right): pos 3+1 = 4
✓ P not adjacent to Q (pos 2, not pos 4)

Answer: S sits at the left extreme end (position 1).

Question 2

Five friends S, P, Q, T and R are sitting in a row facing South. S sits at the right extreme end. P sits second to the right of Q. R sits immediately to the right of Q (from viewer's perspective). T is not adjacent to S. Who sits at the left extreme end?
Solution Approach:

Step 1: Understanding facing South
When persons face South:
- Their right hand points West (viewer's LEFT) — "right" in the question = lower position number
- Viewer's "right" (higher position) = person's left side

Step 2: Set up diagram (viewer's perspective)
Position: 1(left) 2 3 4 5(right)

Step 3: Apply conditions
- S at the right extreme end → Position 5
- P sits second to the right of Q:
South-facing right = viewer's left = lower position: pos[P] = pos[Q] - 2
Possible: Q=3→P=1, or Q=4→P=2
- R sits immediately to the right of Q (viewer's right = higher pos): pos[R] = pos[Q] + 1
If Q=3 → R=4 ✓ (pos 4 free)
If Q=4 → R=5 = S ✗ (conflict)
∴ Q=3, P=1, R=4

Position: P _ Q R S

Step 4: Apply constraint
- T not adjacent to S (pos 5): T ≠ pos 4 (taken by R) → T at pos 2 ✓

Final Arrangement (all facing South ↓):
Position: P T Q R S

Verification:
✓ S at right extreme end (pos 5)
✓ P second to right of Q: pos[P](=1)-2 = 3 = pos[Q] (south-facing right=lower)
✓ R immediately right of Q (viewer right): pos 3+1 = 4
✓ T not adjacent to S (pos 2, not pos 4)

Answer: P sits at the left extreme end (position 1).

Question 3

Five friends S, R, Q, P and T are sitting in a row facing South. S sits at the right extreme end. R sits second to the right of Q. T sits immediately to the right of Q (from viewer's perspective). P is not adjacent to S. Who sits at the left extreme end?
Solution Approach:

Step 1: Understanding facing South
When persons face South:
- Their right hand points West (viewer's LEFT) — "right" in the question = lower position number
- Viewer's "right" (higher position) = person's left side

Step 2: Set up diagram (viewer's perspective)
Position: 1(left) 2 3 4 5(right)

Step 3: Apply conditions
- S at the right extreme end → Position 5
- R sits second to the right of Q:
South-facing right = viewer's left = lower position: pos[R] = pos[Q] - 2
Possible: Q=3→R=1, or Q=4→R=2
- T sits immediately to the right of Q (viewer's right = higher pos): pos[T] = pos[Q] + 1
If Q=3 → T=4 ✓ (pos 4 free)
If Q=4 → T=5 = S ✗ (conflict)
∴ Q=3, R=1, T=4

Position: R _ Q T S

Step 4: Apply constraint
- P not adjacent to S (pos 5): P ≠ pos 4 (taken by T) → P at pos 2 ✓

Final Arrangement (all facing South ↓):
Position: R P Q T S

Verification:
✓ S at right extreme end (pos 5)
✓ R second to right of Q: pos[R](=1)-2 = 3 = pos[Q] (south-facing right=lower)
✓ T immediately right of Q (viewer right): pos 3+1 = 4
✓ P not adjacent to S (pos 2, not pos 4)

Answer: R sits at the left extreme end (position 1).

Question 4

Five friends S, P, Q, R and T are sitting in a row facing South. S sits at the right extreme end. P sits second to the right of Q. T sits immediately to the right of Q (from viewer's perspective). R is not adjacent to S. Who sits at the left extreme end?
Solution Approach:

Step 1: Understanding facing South
When persons face South:
- Their right hand points West (viewer's LEFT) — "right" in the question = lower position number
- Viewer's "right" (higher position) = person's left side

Step 2: Set up diagram (viewer's perspective)
Position: 1(left) 2 3 4 5(right)

Step 3: Apply conditions
- S at the right extreme end → Position 5
- P sits second to the right of Q:
South-facing right = viewer's left = lower position: pos[P] = pos[Q] - 2
Possible: Q=3→P=1, or Q=4→P=2
- T sits immediately to the right of Q (viewer's right = higher pos): pos[T] = pos[Q] + 1
If Q=3 → T=4 ✓ (pos 4 free)
If Q=4 → T=5 = S ✗ (conflict)
∴ Q=3, P=1, T=4

Position: P _ Q T S

Step 4: Apply constraint
- R not adjacent to S (pos 5): R ≠ pos 4 (taken by T) → R at pos 2 ✓

Final Arrangement (all facing South ↓):
Position: P R Q T S

Verification:
✓ S at right extreme end (pos 5)
✓ P second to right of Q: pos[P](=1)-2 = 3 = pos[Q] (south-facing right=lower)
✓ T immediately right of Q (viewer right): pos 3+1 = 4
✓ R not adjacent to S (pos 2, not pos 4)

Answer: P sits at the left extreme end (position 1).

Question 5

Five friends S, P, T, R and Q are sitting in a row facing South. S sits at the right extreme end. P sits second to the right of T. Q sits immediately to the right of T (from viewer's perspective). R is not adjacent to S. Who sits at the left extreme end?
Solution Approach:

Step 1: Understanding facing South
When persons face South:
- Their right hand points West (viewer's LEFT) — "right" in the question = lower position number
- Viewer's "right" (higher position) = person's left side

Step 2: Set up diagram (viewer's perspective)
Position: 1(left) 2 3 4 5(right)

Step 3: Apply conditions
- S at the right extreme end → Position 5
- P sits second to the right of T:
South-facing right = viewer's left = lower position: pos[P] = pos[T] - 2
Possible: T=3→P=1, or T=4→P=2
- Q sits immediately to the right of T (viewer's right = higher pos): pos[Q] = pos[T] + 1
If T=3 → Q=4 ✓ (pos 4 free)
If T=4 → Q=5 = S ✗ (conflict)
∴ T=3, P=1, Q=4

Position: P _ T Q S

Step 4: Apply constraint
- R not adjacent to S (pos 5): R ≠ pos 4 (taken by Q) → R at pos 2 ✓

Final Arrangement (all facing South ↓):
Position: P R T Q S

Verification:
✓ S at right extreme end (pos 5)
✓ P second to right of T: pos[P](=1)-2 = 3 = pos[T] (south-facing right=lower)
✓ Q immediately right of T (viewer right): pos 3+1 = 4
✓ R not adjacent to S (pos 2, not pos 4)

Answer: P sits at the left extreme end (position 1).

Question 6

Five friends Q, T, S, R and P are sitting in a row facing South. Q sits at the right extreme end. T sits second to the right of S. P sits immediately to the right of S (from viewer's perspective). R is not adjacent to Q. Who sits at the left extreme end?
Solution Approach:

Step 1: Understanding facing South
When persons face South:
- Their right hand points West (viewer's LEFT) — "right" in the question = lower position number
- Viewer's "right" (higher position) = person's left side

Step 2: Set up diagram (viewer's perspective)
Position: 1(left) 2 3 4 5(right)

Step 3: Apply conditions
- Q at the right extreme end → Position 5
- T sits second to the right of S:
South-facing right = viewer's left = lower position: pos[T] = pos[S] - 2
Possible: S=3→T=1, or S=4→T=2
- P sits immediately to the right of S (viewer's right = higher pos): pos[P] = pos[S] + 1
If S=3 → P=4 ✓ (pos 4 free)
If S=4 → P=5 = Q ✗ (conflict)
∴ S=3, T=1, P=4

Position: T _ S P Q

Step 4: Apply constraint
- R not adjacent to Q (pos 5): R ≠ pos 4 (taken by P) → R at pos 2 ✓

Final Arrangement (all facing South ↓):
Position: T R S P Q

Verification:
✓ Q at right extreme end (pos 5)
✓ T second to right of S: pos[T](=1)-2 = 3 = pos[S] (south-facing right=lower)
✓ P immediately right of S (viewer right): pos 3+1 = 4
✓ R not adjacent to Q (pos 2, not pos 4)

Answer: T sits at the left extreme end (position 1).

Question 7

Five friends R, T, S, P and Q are sitting in a row facing South. R sits at the right extreme end. T sits second to the right of S. Q sits immediately to the right of S (from viewer's perspective). P is not adjacent to R. Who sits at the left extreme end?
Solution Approach:

Step 1: Understanding facing South
When persons face South:
- Their right hand points West (viewer's LEFT) — "right" in the question = lower position number
- Viewer's "right" (higher position) = person's left side

Step 2: Set up diagram (viewer's perspective)
Position: 1(left) 2 3 4 5(right)

Step 3: Apply conditions
- R at the right extreme end → Position 5
- T sits second to the right of S:
South-facing right = viewer's left = lower position: pos[T] = pos[S] - 2
Possible: S=3→T=1, or S=4→T=2
- Q sits immediately to the right of S (viewer's right = higher pos): pos[Q] = pos[S] + 1
If S=3 → Q=4 ✓ (pos 4 free)
If S=4 → Q=5 = R ✗ (conflict)
∴ S=3, T=1, Q=4

Position: T _ S Q R

Step 4: Apply constraint
- P not adjacent to R (pos 5): P ≠ pos 4 (taken by Q) → P at pos 2 ✓

Final Arrangement (all facing South ↓):
Position: T P S Q R

Verification:
✓ R at right extreme end (pos 5)
✓ T second to right of S: pos[T](=1)-2 = 3 = pos[S] (south-facing right=lower)
✓ Q immediately right of S (viewer right): pos 3+1 = 4
✓ P not adjacent to R (pos 2, not pos 4)

Answer: T sits at the left extreme end (position 1).

Question 8

Five friends T, S, Q, R and P are sitting in a row facing South. T sits at the right extreme end. S sits second to the right of Q. P sits immediately to the right of Q (from viewer's perspective). R is not adjacent to T. Who sits at the left extreme end?
Solution Approach:

Step 1: Understanding facing South
When persons face South:
- Their right hand points West (viewer's LEFT) — "right" in the question = lower position number
- Viewer's "right" (higher position) = person's left side

Step 2: Set up diagram (viewer's perspective)
Position: 1(left) 2 3 4 5(right)

Step 3: Apply conditions
- T at the right extreme end → Position 5
- S sits second to the right of Q:
South-facing right = viewer's left = lower position: pos[S] = pos[Q] - 2
Possible: Q=3→S=1, or Q=4→S=2
- P sits immediately to the right of Q (viewer's right = higher pos): pos[P] = pos[Q] + 1
If Q=3 → P=4 ✓ (pos 4 free)
If Q=4 → P=5 = T ✗ (conflict)
∴ Q=3, S=1, P=4

Position: S _ Q P T

Step 4: Apply constraint
- R not adjacent to T (pos 5): R ≠ pos 4 (taken by P) → R at pos 2 ✓

Final Arrangement (all facing South ↓):
Position: S R Q P T

Verification:
✓ T at right extreme end (pos 5)
✓ S second to right of Q: pos[S](=1)-2 = 3 = pos[Q] (south-facing right=lower)
✓ P immediately right of Q (viewer right): pos 3+1 = 4
✓ R not adjacent to T (pos 2, not pos 4)

Answer: S sits at the left extreme end (position 1).

Question 9

Five friends R, T, Q, S and P are sitting in a row facing South. R sits at the right extreme end. T sits second to the right of Q. P sits immediately to the right of Q (from viewer's perspective). S is not adjacent to R. Who sits at the left extreme end?
Solution Approach:

Step 1: Understanding facing South
When persons face South:
- Their right hand points West (viewer's LEFT) — "right" in the question = lower position number
- Viewer's "right" (higher position) = person's left side

Step 2: Set up diagram (viewer's perspective)
Position: 1(left) 2 3 4 5(right)

Step 3: Apply conditions
- R at the right extreme end → Position 5
- T sits second to the right of Q:
South-facing right = viewer's left = lower position: pos[T] = pos[Q] - 2
Possible: Q=3→T=1, or Q=4→T=2
- P sits immediately to the right of Q (viewer's right = higher pos): pos[P] = pos[Q] + 1
If Q=3 → P=4 ✓ (pos 4 free)
If Q=4 → P=5 = R ✗ (conflict)
∴ Q=3, T=1, P=4

Position: T _ Q P R

Step 4: Apply constraint
- S not adjacent to R (pos 5): S ≠ pos 4 (taken by P) → S at pos 2 ✓

Final Arrangement (all facing South ↓):
Position: T S Q P R

Verification:
✓ R at right extreme end (pos 5)
✓ T second to right of Q: pos[T](=1)-2 = 3 = pos[Q] (south-facing right=lower)
✓ P immediately right of Q (viewer right): pos 3+1 = 4
✓ S not adjacent to R (pos 2, not pos 4)

Answer: T sits at the left extreme end (position 1).

Question 10

Five friends Q, R, T, P and S are sitting in a row facing South. Q sits at the right extreme end. R sits second to the right of T. S sits immediately to the right of T (from viewer's perspective). P is not adjacent to Q. Who sits at the left extreme end?
Solution Approach:

Step 1: Understanding facing South
When persons face South:
- Their right hand points West (viewer's LEFT) — "right" in the question = lower position number
- Viewer's "right" (higher position) = person's left side

Step 2: Set up diagram (viewer's perspective)
Position: 1(left) 2 3 4 5(right)

Step 3: Apply conditions
- Q at the right extreme end → Position 5
- R sits second to the right of T:
South-facing right = viewer's left = lower position: pos[R] = pos[T] - 2
Possible: T=3→R=1, or T=4→R=2
- S sits immediately to the right of T (viewer's right = higher pos): pos[S] = pos[T] + 1
If T=3 → S=4 ✓ (pos 4 free)
If T=4 → S=5 = Q ✗ (conflict)
∴ T=3, R=1, S=4

Position: R _ T S Q

Step 4: Apply constraint
- P not adjacent to Q (pos 5): P ≠ pos 4 (taken by S) → P at pos 2 ✓

Final Arrangement (all facing South ↓):
Position: R P T S Q

Verification:
✓ Q at right extreme end (pos 5)
✓ R second to right of T: pos[R](=1)-2 = 3 = pos[T] (south-facing right=lower)
✓ S immediately right of T (viewer right): pos 3+1 = 4
✓ P not adjacent to Q (pos 2, not pos 4)

Answer: R sits at the left extreme end (position 1).

Question 11

Five friends P, T, S, Q and R are sitting in a row facing South. P sits at the right extreme end. T sits second to the right of S. R sits immediately to the right of S (from viewer's perspective). Q is not adjacent to P. Who sits at the left extreme end?
Solution Approach:

Step 1: Understanding facing South
When persons face South:
- Their right hand points West (viewer's LEFT) — "right" in the question = lower position number
- Viewer's "right" (higher position) = person's left side

Step 2: Set up diagram (viewer's perspective)
Position: 1(left) 2 3 4 5(right)

Step 3: Apply conditions
- P at the right extreme end → Position 5
- T sits second to the right of S:
South-facing right = viewer's left = lower position: pos[T] = pos[S] - 2
Possible: S=3→T=1, or S=4→T=2
- R sits immediately to the right of S (viewer's right = higher pos): pos[R] = pos[S] + 1
If S=3 → R=4 ✓ (pos 4 free)
If S=4 → R=5 = P ✗ (conflict)
∴ S=3, T=1, R=4

Position: T _ S R P

Step 4: Apply constraint
- Q not adjacent to P (pos 5): Q ≠ pos 4 (taken by R) → Q at pos 2 ✓

Final Arrangement (all facing South ↓):
Position: T Q S R P

Verification:
✓ P at right extreme end (pos 5)
✓ T second to right of S: pos[T](=1)-2 = 3 = pos[S] (south-facing right=lower)
✓ R immediately right of S (viewer right): pos 3+1 = 4
✓ Q not adjacent to P (pos 2, not pos 4)

Answer: T sits at the left extreme end (position 1).

Question 12

Five friends R, S, T, P and Q are sitting in a row facing South. R sits at the right extreme end. S sits second to the right of T. Q sits immediately to the right of T (from viewer's perspective). P is not adjacent to R. Who sits at the left extreme end?
Solution Approach:

Step 1: Understanding facing South
When persons face South:
- Their right hand points West (viewer's LEFT) — "right" in the question = lower position number
- Viewer's "right" (higher position) = person's left side

Step 2: Set up diagram (viewer's perspective)
Position: 1(left) 2 3 4 5(right)

Step 3: Apply conditions
- R at the right extreme end → Position 5
- S sits second to the right of T:
South-facing right = viewer's left = lower position: pos[S] = pos[T] - 2
Possible: T=3→S=1, or T=4→S=2
- Q sits immediately to the right of T (viewer's right = higher pos): pos[Q] = pos[T] + 1
If T=3 → Q=4 ✓ (pos 4 free)
If T=4 → Q=5 = R ✗ (conflict)
∴ T=3, S=1, Q=4

Position: S _ T Q R

Step 4: Apply constraint
- P not adjacent to R (pos 5): P ≠ pos 4 (taken by Q) → P at pos 2 ✓

Final Arrangement (all facing South ↓):
Position: S P T Q R

Verification:
✓ R at right extreme end (pos 5)
✓ S second to right of T: pos[S](=1)-2 = 3 = pos[T] (south-facing right=lower)
✓ Q immediately right of T (viewer right): pos 3+1 = 4
✓ P not adjacent to R (pos 2, not pos 4)

Answer: S sits at the left extreme end (position 1).

Question 13

Five friends S, P, T, Q and R are sitting in a row facing South. S sits at the right extreme end. P sits second to the right of T. R sits immediately to the right of T (from viewer's perspective). Q is not adjacent to S. Who sits at the left extreme end?
Solution Approach:

Step 1: Understanding facing South
When persons face South:
- Their right hand points West (viewer's LEFT) — "right" in the question = lower position number
- Viewer's "right" (higher position) = person's left side

Step 2: Set up diagram (viewer's perspective)
Position: 1(left) 2 3 4 5(right)

Step 3: Apply conditions
- S at the right extreme end → Position 5
- P sits second to the right of T:
South-facing right = viewer's left = lower position: pos[P] = pos[T] - 2
Possible: T=3→P=1, or T=4→P=2
- R sits immediately to the right of T (viewer's right = higher pos): pos[R] = pos[T] + 1
If T=3 → R=4 ✓ (pos 4 free)
If T=4 → R=5 = S ✗ (conflict)
∴ T=3, P=1, R=4

Position: P _ T R S

Step 4: Apply constraint
- Q not adjacent to S (pos 5): Q ≠ pos 4 (taken by R) → Q at pos 2 ✓

Final Arrangement (all facing South ↓):
Position: P Q T R S

Verification:
✓ S at right extreme end (pos 5)
✓ P second to right of T: pos[P](=1)-2 = 3 = pos[T] (south-facing right=lower)
✓ R immediately right of T (viewer right): pos 3+1 = 4
✓ Q not adjacent to S (pos 2, not pos 4)

Answer: P sits at the left extreme end (position 1).

Question 14

Five friends T, S, R, Q and P are sitting in a row facing South. T sits at the right extreme end. S sits second to the right of R. P sits immediately to the right of R (from viewer's perspective). Q is not adjacent to T. Who sits at the left extreme end?
Solution Approach:

Step 1: Understanding facing South
When persons face South:
- Their right hand points West (viewer's LEFT) — "right" in the question = lower position number
- Viewer's "right" (higher position) = person's left side

Step 2: Set up diagram (viewer's perspective)
Position: 1(left) 2 3 4 5(right)

Step 3: Apply conditions
- T at the right extreme end → Position 5
- S sits second to the right of R:
South-facing right = viewer's left = lower position: pos[S] = pos[R] - 2
Possible: R=3→S=1, or R=4→S=2
- P sits immediately to the right of R (viewer's right = higher pos): pos[P] = pos[R] + 1
If R=3 → P=4 ✓ (pos 4 free)
If R=4 → P=5 = T ✗ (conflict)
∴ R=3, S=1, P=4

Position: S _ R P T

Step 4: Apply constraint
- Q not adjacent to T (pos 5): Q ≠ pos 4 (taken by P) → Q at pos 2 ✓

Final Arrangement (all facing South ↓):
Position: S Q R P T

Verification:
✓ T at right extreme end (pos 5)
✓ S second to right of R: pos[S](=1)-2 = 3 = pos[R] (south-facing right=lower)
✓ P immediately right of R (viewer right): pos 3+1 = 4
✓ Q not adjacent to T (pos 2, not pos 4)

Answer: S sits at the left extreme end (position 1).

Question 15

Five friends P, R, Q, S and T are sitting in a row facing South. P sits at the right extreme end. R sits second to the right of Q. T sits immediately to the right of Q (from viewer's perspective). S is not adjacent to P. Who sits at the left extreme end?
Solution Approach:

Step 1: Understanding facing South
When persons face South:
- Their right hand points West (viewer's LEFT) — "right" in the question = lower position number
- Viewer's "right" (higher position) = person's left side

Step 2: Set up diagram (viewer's perspective)
Position: 1(left) 2 3 4 5(right)

Step 3: Apply conditions
- P at the right extreme end → Position 5
- R sits second to the right of Q:
South-facing right = viewer's left = lower position: pos[R] = pos[Q] - 2
Possible: Q=3→R=1, or Q=4→R=2
- T sits immediately to the right of Q (viewer's right = higher pos): pos[T] = pos[Q] + 1
If Q=3 → T=4 ✓ (pos 4 free)
If Q=4 → T=5 = P ✗ (conflict)
∴ Q=3, R=1, T=4

Position: R _ Q T P

Step 4: Apply constraint
- S not adjacent to P (pos 5): S ≠ pos 4 (taken by T) → S at pos 2 ✓

Final Arrangement (all facing South ↓):
Position: R S Q T P

Verification:
✓ P at right extreme end (pos 5)
✓ R second to right of Q: pos[R](=1)-2 = 3 = pos[Q] (south-facing right=lower)
✓ T immediately right of Q (viewer right): pos 3+1 = 4
✓ S not adjacent to P (pos 2, not pos 4)

Answer: R sits at the left extreme end (position 1).

Question 16

Five friends P, T, Q, R and S are sitting in a row facing South. P sits at the right extreme end. T sits second to the right of Q. S sits immediately to the right of Q (from viewer's perspective). R is not adjacent to P. Who sits at the left extreme end?
Solution Approach:

Step 1: Understanding facing South
When persons face South:
- Their right hand points West (viewer's LEFT) — "right" in the question = lower position number
- Viewer's "right" (higher position) = person's left side

Step 2: Set up diagram (viewer's perspective)
Position: 1(left) 2 3 4 5(right)

Step 3: Apply conditions
- P at the right extreme end → Position 5
- T sits second to the right of Q:
South-facing right = viewer's left = lower position: pos[T] = pos[Q] - 2
Possible: Q=3→T=1, or Q=4→T=2
- S sits immediately to the right of Q (viewer's right = higher pos): pos[S] = pos[Q] + 1
If Q=3 → S=4 ✓ (pos 4 free)
If Q=4 → S=5 = P ✗ (conflict)
∴ Q=3, T=1, S=4

Position: T _ Q S P

Step 4: Apply constraint
- R not adjacent to P (pos 5): R ≠ pos 4 (taken by S) → R at pos 2 ✓

Final Arrangement (all facing South ↓):
Position: T R Q S P

Verification:
✓ P at right extreme end (pos 5)
✓ T second to right of Q: pos[T](=1)-2 = 3 = pos[Q] (south-facing right=lower)
✓ S immediately right of Q (viewer right): pos 3+1 = 4
✓ R not adjacent to P (pos 2, not pos 4)

Answer: T sits at the left extreme end (position 1).

Question 17

Five friends T, R, Q, P and S are sitting in a row facing South. T sits at the right extreme end. R sits second to the right of Q. S sits immediately to the right of Q (from viewer's perspective). P is not adjacent to T. Who sits at the left extreme end?
Solution Approach:

Step 1: Understanding facing South
When persons face South:
- Their right hand points West (viewer's LEFT) — "right" in the question = lower position number
- Viewer's "right" (higher position) = person's left side

Step 2: Set up diagram (viewer's perspective)
Position: 1(left) 2 3 4 5(right)

Step 3: Apply conditions
- T at the right extreme end → Position 5
- R sits second to the right of Q:
South-facing right = viewer's left = lower position: pos[R] = pos[Q] - 2
Possible: Q=3→R=1, or Q=4→R=2
- S sits immediately to the right of Q (viewer's right = higher pos): pos[S] = pos[Q] + 1
If Q=3 → S=4 ✓ (pos 4 free)
If Q=4 → S=5 = T ✗ (conflict)
∴ Q=3, R=1, S=4

Position: R _ Q S T

Step 4: Apply constraint
- P not adjacent to T (pos 5): P ≠ pos 4 (taken by S) → P at pos 2 ✓

Final Arrangement (all facing South ↓):
Position: R P Q S T

Verification:
✓ T at right extreme end (pos 5)
✓ R second to right of Q: pos[R](=1)-2 = 3 = pos[Q] (south-facing right=lower)
✓ S immediately right of Q (viewer right): pos 3+1 = 4
✓ P not adjacent to T (pos 2, not pos 4)

Answer: R sits at the left extreme end (position 1).

Question 18

Five friends P, Q, S, R and T are sitting in a row facing South. P sits at the right extreme end. Q sits second to the right of S. T sits immediately to the right of S (from viewer's perspective). R is not adjacent to P. Who sits at the left extreme end?
Solution Approach:

Step 1: Understanding facing South
When persons face South:
- Their right hand points West (viewer's LEFT) — "right" in the question = lower position number
- Viewer's "right" (higher position) = person's left side

Step 2: Set up diagram (viewer's perspective)
Position: 1(left) 2 3 4 5(right)

Step 3: Apply conditions
- P at the right extreme end → Position 5
- Q sits second to the right of S:
South-facing right = viewer's left = lower position: pos[Q] = pos[S] - 2
Possible: S=3→Q=1, or S=4→Q=2
- T sits immediately to the right of S (viewer's right = higher pos): pos[T] = pos[S] + 1
If S=3 → T=4 ✓ (pos 4 free)
If S=4 → T=5 = P ✗ (conflict)
∴ S=3, Q=1, T=4

Position: Q _ S T P

Step 4: Apply constraint
- R not adjacent to P (pos 5): R ≠ pos 4 (taken by T) → R at pos 2 ✓

Final Arrangement (all facing South ↓):
Position: Q R S T P

Verification:
✓ P at right extreme end (pos 5)
✓ Q second to right of S: pos[Q](=1)-2 = 3 = pos[S] (south-facing right=lower)
✓ T immediately right of S (viewer right): pos 3+1 = 4
✓ R not adjacent to P (pos 2, not pos 4)

Answer: Q sits at the left extreme end (position 1).

Question 19

Five friends Q, P, R, S and T are sitting in a row facing South. Q sits at the right extreme end. P sits second to the right of R. T sits immediately to the right of R (from viewer's perspective). S is not adjacent to Q. Who sits at the left extreme end?
Solution Approach:

Step 1: Understanding facing South
When persons face South:
- Their right hand points West (viewer's LEFT) — "right" in the question = lower position number
- Viewer's "right" (higher position) = person's left side

Step 2: Set up diagram (viewer's perspective)
Position: 1(left) 2 3 4 5(right)

Step 3: Apply conditions
- Q at the right extreme end → Position 5
- P sits second to the right of R:
South-facing right = viewer's left = lower position: pos[P] = pos[R] - 2
Possible: R=3→P=1, or R=4→P=2
- T sits immediately to the right of R (viewer's right = higher pos): pos[T] = pos[R] + 1
If R=3 → T=4 ✓ (pos 4 free)
If R=4 → T=5 = Q ✗ (conflict)
∴ R=3, P=1, T=4

Position: P _ R T Q

Step 4: Apply constraint
- S not adjacent to Q (pos 5): S ≠ pos 4 (taken by T) → S at pos 2 ✓

Final Arrangement (all facing South ↓):
Position: P S R T Q

Verification:
✓ Q at right extreme end (pos 5)
✓ P second to right of R: pos[P](=1)-2 = 3 = pos[R] (south-facing right=lower)
✓ T immediately right of R (viewer right): pos 3+1 = 4
✓ S not adjacent to Q (pos 2, not pos 4)

Answer: P sits at the left extreme end (position 1).

Question 20

Five friends T, S, R, Q and P are sitting in a row facing South. T sits at the right extreme end. S sits second to the right of R. P sits immediately to the right of R (from viewer's perspective). Q is not adjacent to T. Who sits at the left extreme end?
Solution Approach:

Step 1: Understanding facing South
When persons face South:
- Their right hand points West (viewer's LEFT) — "right" in the question = lower position number
- Viewer's "right" (higher position) = person's left side

Step 2: Set up diagram (viewer's perspective)
Position: 1(left) 2 3 4 5(right)

Step 3: Apply conditions
- T at the right extreme end → Position 5
- S sits second to the right of R:
South-facing right = viewer's left = lower position: pos[S] = pos[R] - 2
Possible: R=3→S=1, or R=4→S=2
- P sits immediately to the right of R (viewer's right = higher pos): pos[P] = pos[R] + 1
If R=3 → P=4 ✓ (pos 4 free)
If R=4 → P=5 = T ✗ (conflict)
∴ R=3, S=1, P=4

Position: S _ R P T

Step 4: Apply constraint
- Q not adjacent to T (pos 5): Q ≠ pos 4 (taken by P) → Q at pos 2 ✓

Final Arrangement (all facing South ↓):
Position: S Q R P T

Verification:
✓ T at right extreme end (pos 5)
✓ S second to right of R: pos[S](=1)-2 = 3 = pos[R] (south-facing right=lower)
✓ P immediately right of R (viewer right): pos 3+1 = 4
✓ Q not adjacent to T (pos 2, not pos 4)

Answer: S sits at the left extreme end (position 1).
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