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Permutation with Restriction - Absolute-Beginner Level: core concept mastery Permutation with Restriction ABSOLUTE BEGINNER

This skill primer 🌟 worksheet focuses on Permutation with Restriction - a key topic in Permutation Combination. You'll solve 20 absolute-beginner-level problems (Worksheet 1 of 10). The primary focus is on core concept mastery. Master permutation with restriction problems, permutation with restriction reasoning questions, and permutation with restriction practice through systematic practice.

📝 Worksheet 1 of 10 • 20 questions • ⏱️ Estimated time: 20 minutes • 🎯 Absolute Beginner level

What you'll learn in this worksheet:
Your progress through Permutation with Restriction
Worksheet 1 of 10 (0% complete)

Question 1

How many arrangements of the letters in 'EQUATION' start with a vowel?
Step-by-Step Solution:

Concept: Permutation with restriction - specific position must have certain type of letter.

Strategy: Fix the restricted position first, then arrange the remaining letters.

Analysis of 'EQUATION':
- Total letters: 8
- Vowels: E, U, A, I, O = 5 vowels
- First position must be a vowel

Step 1 - Fix First Position:
Choose a vowel for first position: 5 choices

Step 2 - Arrange Remaining:
Remaining 7 letters can be arranged in 7! ways
7! = 5040

Calculation:
Total arrangements = 5 × 5040 = 10080

Key Strategy: When dealing with restrictions:
1. Handle the restriction first (fix the constrained position)
2. Arrange the remaining elements freely
3. Multiply the results

Verification: This should be less than the total arrangements (8! = 40320) since we've added a constraint.

Question 2

In how many ways can 8 people be arranged in a row if a specific person must be at the first position?
Step-by-Step Solution:

Concept: Permutation with fixed position constraint.

Strategy: Fix the restricted position, then arrange remaining elements.

Given:
- Total people: 8
- Constraint: One specific person must be first

Step 1 - Fix First Position:
First position has only 1 choice (the specific person)

Step 2 - Arrange Remaining:
Remaining 7 people can be arranged in 7! ways

Calculation:
Total arrangements = 1 × 7!
= 5040
= 5040

Alternative Approach:
Total arrangements without restriction = 8! = 40320
Fraction with specific person first = 40320 / 8 = 5040

Key Principle: Fixing one position reduces the problem to arranging (n-1) elements.

Question 3

How many arrangements of the letters in 'EQUATION' start with a vowel?
Step-by-Step Solution:

Concept: Permutation with restriction - specific position must have certain type of letter.

Strategy: Fix the restricted position first, then arrange the remaining letters.

Analysis of 'EQUATION':
- Total letters: 8
- Vowels: E, U, A, I, O = 5 vowels
- First position must be a vowel

Step 1 - Fix First Position:
Choose a vowel for first position: 5 choices

Step 2 - Arrange Remaining:
Remaining 7 letters can be arranged in 7! ways
7! = 5040

Calculation:
Total arrangements = 5 × 5040 = 10080

Key Strategy: When dealing with restrictions:
1. Handle the restriction first (fix the constrained position)
2. Arrange the remaining elements freely
3. Multiply the results

Verification: This should be less than the total arrangements (8! = 40320) since we've added a constraint.

Question 4

In how many ways can 7 people be arranged in a row if a specific person must be at the first position?
Step-by-Step Solution:

Concept: Permutation with fixed position constraint.

Strategy: Fix the restricted position, then arrange remaining elements.

Given:
- Total people: 7
- Constraint: One specific person must be first

Step 1 - Fix First Position:
First position has only 1 choice (the specific person)

Step 2 - Arrange Remaining:
Remaining 6 people can be arranged in 6! ways

Calculation:
Total arrangements = 1 × 6!
= 720
= 720

Alternative Approach:
Total arrangements without restriction = 7! = 5040
Fraction with specific person first = 5040 / 7 = 720

Key Principle: Fixing one position reduces the problem to arranging (n-1) elements.

Question 5

In how many ways can 7 people be arranged in a row if a specific person must be at the first position?
Step-by-Step Solution:

Concept: Permutation with fixed position constraint.

Strategy: Fix the restricted position, then arrange remaining elements.

Given:
- Total people: 7
- Constraint: One specific person must be first

Step 1 - Fix First Position:
First position has only 1 choice (the specific person)

Step 2 - Arrange Remaining:
Remaining 6 people can be arranged in 6! ways

Calculation:
Total arrangements = 1 × 6!
= 720
= 720

Alternative Approach:
Total arrangements without restriction = 7! = 5040
Fraction with specific person first = 5040 / 7 = 720

Key Principle: Fixing one position reduces the problem to arranging (n-1) elements.

Question 6

In how many ways can 7 people be arranged in a row if a specific person must be at the first position?
Step-by-Step Solution:

Concept: Permutation with fixed position constraint.

Strategy: Fix the restricted position, then arrange remaining elements.

Given:
- Total people: 7
- Constraint: One specific person must be first

Step 1 - Fix First Position:
First position has only 1 choice (the specific person)

Step 2 - Arrange Remaining:
Remaining 6 people can be arranged in 6! ways

Calculation:
Total arrangements = 1 × 6!
= 720
= 720

Alternative Approach:
Total arrangements without restriction = 7! = 5040
Fraction with specific person first = 5040 / 7 = 720

Key Principle: Fixing one position reduces the problem to arranging (n-1) elements.

Question 7

How many arrangements of the letters in 'EQUATION' start with a vowel?
Step-by-Step Solution:

Concept: Permutation with restriction - specific position must have certain type of letter.

Strategy: Fix the restricted position first, then arrange the remaining letters.

Analysis of 'EQUATION':
- Total letters: 8
- Vowels: E, U, A, I, O = 5 vowels
- First position must be a vowel

Step 1 - Fix First Position:
Choose a vowel for first position: 5 choices

Step 2 - Arrange Remaining:
Remaining 7 letters can be arranged in 7! ways
7! = 5040

Calculation:
Total arrangements = 5 × 5040 = 10080

Key Strategy: When dealing with restrictions:
1. Handle the restriction first (fix the constrained position)
2. Arrange the remaining elements freely
3. Multiply the results

Verification: This should be less than the total arrangements (8! = 40320) since we've added a constraint.

Question 8

In how many ways can 8 people be arranged in a row if a specific person must be at the first position?
Step-by-Step Solution:

Concept: Permutation with fixed position constraint.

Strategy: Fix the restricted position, then arrange remaining elements.

Given:
- Total people: 8
- Constraint: One specific person must be first

Step 1 - Fix First Position:
First position has only 1 choice (the specific person)

Step 2 - Arrange Remaining:
Remaining 7 people can be arranged in 7! ways

Calculation:
Total arrangements = 1 × 7!
= 5040
= 5040

Alternative Approach:
Total arrangements without restriction = 8! = 40320
Fraction with specific person first = 40320 / 8 = 5040

Key Principle: Fixing one position reduces the problem to arranging (n-1) elements.

Question 9

In how many ways can 7 people be arranged in a row if a specific person must be at the first position?
Step-by-Step Solution:

Concept: Permutation with fixed position constraint.

Strategy: Fix the restricted position, then arrange remaining elements.

Given:
- Total people: 7
- Constraint: One specific person must be first

Step 1 - Fix First Position:
First position has only 1 choice (the specific person)

Step 2 - Arrange Remaining:
Remaining 6 people can be arranged in 6! ways

Calculation:
Total arrangements = 1 × 6!
= 720
= 720

Alternative Approach:
Total arrangements without restriction = 7! = 5040
Fraction with specific person first = 5040 / 7 = 720

Key Principle: Fixing one position reduces the problem to arranging (n-1) elements.

Question 10

How many arrangements of the letters in 'EQUATION' start with a vowel?
Step-by-Step Solution:

Concept: Permutation with restriction - specific position must have certain type of letter.

Strategy: Fix the restricted position first, then arrange the remaining letters.

Analysis of 'EQUATION':
- Total letters: 8
- Vowels: E, U, A, I, O = 5 vowels
- First position must be a vowel

Step 1 - Fix First Position:
Choose a vowel for first position: 5 choices

Step 2 - Arrange Remaining:
Remaining 7 letters can be arranged in 7! ways
7! = 5040

Calculation:
Total arrangements = 5 × 5040 = 10080

Key Strategy: When dealing with restrictions:
1. Handle the restriction first (fix the constrained position)
2. Arrange the remaining elements freely
3. Multiply the results

Verification: This should be less than the total arrangements (8! = 40320) since we've added a constraint.

Question 11

In how many ways can 7 people be arranged in a row if a specific person must be at the first position?
Step-by-Step Solution:

Concept: Permutation with fixed position constraint.

Strategy: Fix the restricted position, then arrange remaining elements.

Given:
- Total people: 7
- Constraint: One specific person must be first

Step 1 - Fix First Position:
First position has only 1 choice (the specific person)

Step 2 - Arrange Remaining:
Remaining 6 people can be arranged in 6! ways

Calculation:
Total arrangements = 1 × 6!
= 720
= 2160

Alternative Approach:
Total arrangements without restriction = 7! = 5040
Fraction with specific person first = 5040 / 7 = 2160

Key Principle: Fixing one position reduces the problem to arranging (n-1) elements.

Question 12

In how many ways can 7 people be arranged in a row if a specific person must be at the first position?
Step-by-Step Solution:

Concept: Permutation with fixed position constraint.

Strategy: Fix the restricted position, then arrange remaining elements.

Given:
- Total people: 7
- Constraint: One specific person must be first

Step 1 - Fix First Position:
First position has only 1 choice (the specific person)

Step 2 - Arrange Remaining:
Remaining 6 people can be arranged in 6! ways

Calculation:
Total arrangements = 1 × 6!
= 720
= 720

Alternative Approach:
Total arrangements without restriction = 7! = 5040
Fraction with specific person first = 5040 / 7 = 720

Key Principle: Fixing one position reduces the problem to arranging (n-1) elements.

Question 13

In how many ways can 7 people be arranged in a row if a specific person must be at the first position?
Step-by-Step Solution:

Concept: Permutation with fixed position constraint.

Strategy: Fix the restricted position, then arrange remaining elements.

Given:
- Total people: 7
- Constraint: One specific person must be first

Step 1 - Fix First Position:
First position has only 1 choice (the specific person)

Step 2 - Arrange Remaining:
Remaining 6 people can be arranged in 6! ways

Calculation:
Total arrangements = 1 × 6!
= 720
= 720

Alternative Approach:
Total arrangements without restriction = 7! = 5040
Fraction with specific person first = 5040 / 7 = 720

Key Principle: Fixing one position reduces the problem to arranging (n-1) elements.

Question 14

In how many ways can 7 people be arranged in a row if a specific person must be at the first position?
Step-by-Step Solution:

Concept: Permutation with fixed position constraint.

Strategy: Fix the restricted position, then arrange remaining elements.

Given:
- Total people: 7
- Constraint: One specific person must be first

Step 1 - Fix First Position:
First position has only 1 choice (the specific person)

Step 2 - Arrange Remaining:
Remaining 6 people can be arranged in 6! ways

Calculation:
Total arrangements = 1 × 6!
= 720
= 2160

Alternative Approach:
Total arrangements without restriction = 7! = 5040
Fraction with specific person first = 5040 / 7 = 2160

Key Principle: Fixing one position reduces the problem to arranging (n-1) elements.

Question 15

In how many ways can 7 people be arranged in a row if a specific person must be at the first position?
Step-by-Step Solution:

Concept: Permutation with fixed position constraint.

Strategy: Fix the restricted position, then arrange remaining elements.

Given:
- Total people: 7
- Constraint: One specific person must be first

Step 1 - Fix First Position:
First position has only 1 choice (the specific person)

Step 2 - Arrange Remaining:
Remaining 6 people can be arranged in 6! ways

Calculation:
Total arrangements = 1 × 6!
= 720
= 720

Alternative Approach:
Total arrangements without restriction = 7! = 5040
Fraction with specific person first = 5040 / 7 = 720

Key Principle: Fixing one position reduces the problem to arranging (n-1) elements.

Question 16

How many arrangements of the letters in 'EQUATION' start with a vowel?
Step-by-Step Solution:

Concept: Permutation with restriction - specific position must have certain type of letter.

Strategy: Fix the restricted position first, then arrange the remaining letters.

Analysis of 'EQUATION':
- Total letters: 8
- Vowels: E, U, A, I, O = 5 vowels
- First position must be a vowel

Step 1 - Fix First Position:
Choose a vowel for first position: 5 choices

Step 2 - Arrange Remaining:
Remaining 7 letters can be arranged in 7! ways
7! = 5040

Calculation:
Total arrangements = 5 × 5040 = 10080

Key Strategy: When dealing with restrictions:
1. Handle the restriction first (fix the constrained position)
2. Arrange the remaining elements freely
3. Multiply the results

Verification: This should be less than the total arrangements (8! = 40320) since we've added a constraint.

Question 17

In how many ways can 7 people be arranged in a row if a specific person must be at the first position?
Step-by-Step Solution:

Concept: Permutation with fixed position constraint.

Strategy: Fix the restricted position, then arrange remaining elements.

Given:
- Total people: 7
- Constraint: One specific person must be first

Step 1 - Fix First Position:
First position has only 1 choice (the specific person)

Step 2 - Arrange Remaining:
Remaining 6 people can be arranged in 6! ways

Calculation:
Total arrangements = 1 × 6!
= 720
= 720

Alternative Approach:
Total arrangements without restriction = 7! = 5040
Fraction with specific person first = 5040 / 7 = 720

Key Principle: Fixing one position reduces the problem to arranging (n-1) elements.

Question 18

In how many ways can 7 people be arranged in a row if a specific person must be at the first position?
Step-by-Step Solution:

Concept: Permutation with fixed position constraint.

Strategy: Fix the restricted position, then arrange remaining elements.

Given:
- Total people: 7
- Constraint: One specific person must be first

Step 1 - Fix First Position:
First position has only 1 choice (the specific person)

Step 2 - Arrange Remaining:
Remaining 6 people can be arranged in 6! ways

Calculation:
Total arrangements = 1 × 6!
= 720
= 2160

Alternative Approach:
Total arrangements without restriction = 7! = 5040
Fraction with specific person first = 5040 / 7 = 2160

Key Principle: Fixing one position reduces the problem to arranging (n-1) elements.

Question 19

How many arrangements of the letters in 'EQUATION' start with a vowel?
Step-by-Step Solution:

Concept: Permutation with restriction - specific position must have certain type of letter.

Strategy: Fix the restricted position first, then arrange the remaining letters.

Analysis of 'EQUATION':
- Total letters: 8
- Vowels: E, U, A, I, O = 5 vowels
- First position must be a vowel

Step 1 - Fix First Position:
Choose a vowel for first position: 5 choices

Step 2 - Arrange Remaining:
Remaining 7 letters can be arranged in 7! ways
7! = 5040

Calculation:
Total arrangements = 5 × 5040 = 10080

Key Strategy: When dealing with restrictions:
1. Handle the restriction first (fix the constrained position)
2. Arrange the remaining elements freely
3. Multiply the results

Verification: This should be less than the total arrangements (8! = 40320) since we've added a constraint.

Question 20

How many arrangements of the letters in 'EQUATION' start with a vowel?
Step-by-Step Solution:

Concept: Permutation with restriction - specific position must have certain type of letter.

Strategy: Fix the restricted position first, then arrange the remaining letters.

Analysis of 'EQUATION':
- Total letters: 8
- Vowels: E, U, A, I, O = 5 vowels
- First position must be a vowel

Step 1 - Fix First Position:
Choose a vowel for first position: 5 choices

Step 2 - Arrange Remaining:
Remaining 7 letters can be arranged in 7! ways
7! = 5040

Calculation:
Total arrangements = 5 × 5040 = 10080

Key Strategy: When dealing with restrictions:
1. Handle the restriction first (fix the constrained position)
2. Arrange the remaining elements freely
3. Multiply the results

Verification: This should be less than the total arrangements (8! = 40320) since we've added a constraint.
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