Question 1
Argument: This new medicine should be approved because clinical trials show it's effective for 85% of patients.
Consider the assumption: '85% effectiveness is clinically meaningful'
If we negate this assumption (assume the opposite), does it break the argument?
Yes — If the effect size is trivial, approval isn't justified
Negation test: If '85% effectiveness is NOT clinically meaningful' then the argument 'fails'.
Negation test: If '85% effectiveness is NOT clinically meaningful' then the argument 'fails'.