Linear Single Row: Ends and Distances

Linear Single Row: Ends and Distances problems involve arranging people in a row with constraints about specific distances between persons (e.g., 'exactly two persons between X and Y'), positions based on parity (even/odd numbers), and fixed position numbers. These puzzles require arithmetic reasoning alongside logical deduction.

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200+Practice Questions
IntermediateDifficulty
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Introduction to Linear Single Row: Ends and Distances

Linear Single Row: Ends and Distances problems involve arranging people in a row with constraints about specific distances between persons (e.g., 'exactly two persons between X and Y'), positions based on parity (even/odd numbers), and fixed position numbers. These puzzles require arithmetic reasoning alongside logical deduction.

Prerequisites

Basic linear arrangement skills Understanding of position numbers Arithmetic operations (addition, subtraction) Even/odd number concepts Gap calculation between positions
Why This Matters: Ends and Distances problems appear in 1-2 questions in SSC CGL and Banking PO mains exams. They test arithmetic reasoning and systematic placement skills.

How to Solve Linear Single Row: Ends and Distances Problems

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Step 1: Draw positions 1 to N (left to right)

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Step 2: Place all persons with fixed position numbers

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Step 3: For gap constraints: 'exactly k persons between' means positions differ by k+1

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Step 4: Apply even/odd position constraints (e.g., 'P sits at an even position')

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Step 5: Use elimination to place remaining persons

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Step 6: Verify all distance and position constraints are satisfied

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Step 7: Answer the specific question asked

Pro Strategy: List all possible position pairs for each gap constraint. Use even/odd and end constraints to eliminate impossible pairs. Solve systematically, updating possibilities after each placement.

Example Problem

Example: Eight people P-W sit in a row. P sits at an even position. Exactly two persons between P and Q. R not at extreme ends. S at position 1. Find arrangement. Solution: Step 1: S at pos1 Step 2: Even positions: 2,4,6,8 Step 3: P at even pos, exactly two between P and Q → diff = 3 Step 4: Possible (P,Q) pairs: (2,5), (4,7), (6,3), (8,5) Step 5: S at 1 eliminates conflicts Step 6: R not at ends → not pos1 or pos8 Step 7: Systematic elimination yields unique arrangement Answer: Specific positions determined by elimination

Pro Tips & Tricks

  • 'Exactly k persons between' → position difference = k + 1
  • 'At least k persons between' → position difference ≥ k + 1
  • Even positions: 2,4,6,8,...; Odd positions: 1,3,5,7,...
  • Position numbers are fixed (1 to N) for N persons
  • The sum of positions of two persons with fixed difference can help identify possibilities
  • Start with constraints that have the fewest possible placements

Shortcut Methods to Solve Faster

If P is at position p and exactly k persons between P and Q, then Q is at p ± (k+1)
Even position numbers are divisible by 2
Odd position numbers give remainder 1 when divided by 2
The number of positions between p and q = |p - q| - 1

Common Mistakes to Avoid

Counting 'k persons between' as k+2 positions apart (should be k+1)
Confusing 'even position' with 'even number position from end'
Forgetting that positions start at 1, not 0
Not considering both possible directions for gap constraints (P above Q or Q above P)

Exam Importance

Linear Single Row: Ends and Distances is an important topic for various competitive exams. Here's how frequently it appears:

SSC CGL
1-2 questions
BANKING PO
1-2 questions
RAILWAYS RRB
1-2 questions
CAT
0-1 questions
INSURANCE
1-2 questions

Ready to Master Linear Single Row: Ends and Distances?

Start with Worksheet 1 and work your way up to expert level! Each worksheet includes:

20 practice questions
Detailed solutions
Step-by-step explanations
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