Question 1
Statements:
Some versatile are beautiful.
All beautiful are efficient.
Conclusions:
I. All versatile are efficient.
II. Some versatile are not efficient.
Complementary Pair Analysis:
Conclusions I and II form a complementary pair:
- "All versatile are efficient" (A-type)
- "Some versatile are not efficient" (O-type)
These are opposite statements where at least one can be true.
Venn Diagram:
Step 1: "Some versatile are beautiful" → Partial overlap
Step 2: "All beautiful are efficient" → beautiful inside efficient
Step 3: The part of versatile overlapping with beautiful is definitely inside efficient
Step 4: But we DON'T know about the rest of versatile
Possible Cases:
Case 1: All of versatile inside efficient → Conclusion I true
Case 2: Some of versatile outside efficient → Conclusion II true
Either-Or Rule:
When conclusions form complementary pair "All" and "Some not", answer is "Either-Or".
Answer: Either conclusion I or II follows
Conclusions I and II form a complementary pair:
- "All versatile are efficient" (A-type)
- "Some versatile are not efficient" (O-type)
These are opposite statements where at least one can be true.
Venn Diagram:
Step 1: "Some versatile are beautiful" → Partial overlap
Step 2: "All beautiful are efficient" → beautiful inside efficient
Step 3: The part of versatile overlapping with beautiful is definitely inside efficient
Step 4: But we DON'T know about the rest of versatile
Possible Cases:
Case 1: All of versatile inside efficient → Conclusion I true
Case 2: Some of versatile outside efficient → Conclusion II true
Either-Or Rule:
When conclusions form complementary pair "All" and "Some not", answer is "Either-Or".
Answer: Either conclusion I or II follows