Question 1
You meet two people, A and B. A says: 'We are both knaves.'
What are A and B?
Step 1: Analyze A's statement
A says: 'We are both knaves'
Step 2: Test if A is a knight
If A is a knight, then A tells the truth.
But then 'We are both knaves' would be true.
This means A is a knave, which contradicts our assumption.
Therefore, A cannot be a knight.
Step 3: Test if A is a knave
If A is a knave, then A lies.
A's statement 'We are both knaves' must be false.
For 'both knaves' to be false, at least one must be a knight.
Since A is a knave, B must be a knight.
Step 4: Verify
A (knave) lies: 'We are both knaves' is indeed false ✓
B is a knight ✓
Answer: A is a knave, B is a knight
A says: 'We are both knaves'
Step 2: Test if A is a knight
If A is a knight, then A tells the truth.
But then 'We are both knaves' would be true.
This means A is a knave, which contradicts our assumption.
Therefore, A cannot be a knight.
Step 3: Test if A is a knave
If A is a knave, then A lies.
A's statement 'We are both knaves' must be false.
For 'both knaves' to be false, at least one must be a knight.
Since A is a knave, B must be a knight.
Step 4: Verify
A (knave) lies: 'We are both knaves' is indeed false ✓
B is a knight ✓
Answer: A is a knave, B is a knight