Question 1
Consider the statement:
"Either p: The light is on OR q: The light is off, but NOT both"
If p is True and q is True, is this statement true?
Step 1: Understand Exclusive OR (XOR)
Exclusive OR (p ⊕ q) is True when EXACTLY ONE of p or q is True.
It is False when both are True or both are False.
Truth table for p ⊕ q:
p=T, q=T → Result=F (both true)
p=T, q=F → Result=T (exactly one)
p=F, q=T → Result=T (exactly one)
p=F, q=F → Result=F (neither true)
Step 2: Apply the given values
p = True, q = True
Step 3: Evaluate the exclusive OR
Since both have the same truth value, the exclusive OR is False
Exclusive OR (p ⊕ q) is True when EXACTLY ONE of p or q is True.
It is False when both are True or both are False.
Truth table for p ⊕ q:
p=T, q=T → Result=F (both true)
p=T, q=F → Result=T (exactly one)
p=F, q=T → Result=T (exactly one)
p=F, q=F → Result=F (neither true)
Step 2: Apply the given values
p = True, q = True
Step 3: Evaluate the exclusive OR
Since both have the same truth value, the exclusive OR is False